Analysis of excessive screen use and its impact on physical and mental health in children aged 3–5 years
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Abstract
This study examines the impact of excessive technology use on the physical and mental health of children aged 3 to 5 years, a particularly vulnerable group due to their developmental stage. A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining semi-structured interviews with specialists, a focus group with university students, and a survey administered to 171 parents in Samborondón, Ecuador. The findings reveal that prolonged exposure to digital screens is associated with disruptions in basic routines (sleep, eating, and physical activity), behavioral problems, and difficulties in social interaction. Limited parental supervision and the frequent use of devices as a parenting tool were also identified. However, the study highlights opportunities when technology is used for educational purposes under adult guidance. The research concludes that setting clear limits and promoting playful, physical, and creative activities are essential to balance technology use in early childhood. Furthermore, it underscores the need to strengthen parental education regarding responsible technology use and to develop public policies that foster healthy digital environments. These results provide contextual evidence to guide pedagogical and family interventions in the Ecuadorian setting.
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