Los trabajadores sustitutos de personas con discapacidad: debate doctrinal y constitucional

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Héctor Javier Zurita-Medina
Sandy Bievenido Intriago-Veliz
Odette Martínez-Pérez

Abstract

This article examines the figure of the substitute worker in Ecuador, a measure established in the Organic Law on Disabilities to allow a family member or caregiver of a person with a severe disability to assume their place in the workforce. Through a qualitative and descriptive-explanatory analysis, the legal framework, social and economic implications, and the challenges of implementing this figure are reviewed. Both its achievements in terms of labor inclusion and its limitations are explored, highlighting the lack of specific labor guarantees for substitutes and the administrative challenges they face. Finally, recommendations are proposed to improve the legal regime for substitute workers, and key court rulings that have influenced its development are analyzed. 

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How to Cite
Zurita-Medina , H. ., Intriago-Veliz , S. ., & Martínez-Pérez , O. . (2025). Los trabajadores sustitutos de personas con discapacidad: debate doctrinal y constitucional . 593 Digital Publisher CEIT, 10(1), 211-224. https://doi.org/10.33386/593dp.2025.1.2855
Section
Investigaciones /estudios empíricos
Author Biographies

Héctor Javier Zurita-Medina , Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador - Ecuador

Héctor Javier Zurita Medina, was born in the Parish of Santa Rosa of the Ambato canton, Province of Tungurahua on July 28, 1984, Lawyer of the courts of justice of Ecuador, and master in Contemporary Constitutionalism and Local Governance. With extensive experience as provincial director of the IESS in the Province of Orellana, as well as in the management of coercive processes in the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security, in defense of the rights of Affiliates, employers, retirees and pensioners; currently in free professional practice. My experience in this research has given me the opportunity to learn more about alternative Conflict Resolution mechanisms, giving me the opportunity not only to make visible the need to strengthen the peace justice system, but also to propose practical initiatives to strengthen the service that this alternative justice promotes. 

Sandy Bievenido Intriago-Veliz , Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador - Ecuador

Sandy Bievenido Intriago Veliz, born in the Chone canton, Province of Manabí on February 11, 1980, Lawyer in the courts of justice of Ecuador, and master's degree in Contemporary Constitutionalism and Local Governance. Public employee from 2007 to the present at the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security IESS Orellana. My experience in this research has given me the opportunity to learn more about alternative Conflict Resolution mechanisms, giving me the opportunity not only to make visible the need to strengthen the peace justice system, but also to propose . practical initiatives to strengthen the service that promotes this alternative justice.

Odette Martínez-Pérez , Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador - Ecuador

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-2216

Full-time professor at the Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador. Visiting professor at other universities such as ECOTEC, UTMACH and UTEG. PhD. Legal Sciences, MsC. Constitutional and Administrative Law, MsC. Pedagogy with a mention in digital environments. Diploma in Administration of Justice and Diploma in Teaching Law. 

Speaker at national and international events and author of Latindex, Scielo and Scopus publications. 

References

Corte Nacional de Justicia. (2017). PRESIDENCIA DE LA CORTE NACIONAL DE JUSTICIA ABSOLUCIÓN DE CONSULTAS CRITERIO NO VINCULANTE REMITENTE: PRESIDENTE DE LA CORTE PROVINCIAL DE JUSTICIA PICHINCHA MATERIA: FAMILIA, NIÑEZ Y ADOLESCENCIA. https://www.cortenacional.gob.ec/cnj/images/pdf/consultas_absueltas/No_Penales/Familia/13.pdf

Ecuador, S., De Derecho, Á., David, V., & Zambrano, P. (2021). Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar La estabilidad laboral absoluta para personas con discapacidad Un mecanismo efectivo para el desarrollo integral de sus derechos.

Naciones Unidas de Derechos Humanos. (2008). Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad Material de promoción Serie de Capacitación Profesional No 15. Secretaría de Las Naciones Unidas, 1, 9. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Publications/AdvocacyTool_sp.pdf

Organización Internacional del Trabajo. (2014). Lograr la igualdad de oportunidades en el empleo para las personas con discapacidad a través de la legislación.

Sandra, D., Argueta, E., Wacher, N. H., Silva, M., Valdez, L., Cruz, M., Gómez-Díaz, R. A., Casas-saavedra, L. P., De Orientación, R., Salud México, S. de, Virtual, D., Social, I. M. del S., Mediavilla, J., Fernández, M., Nocito, A., Moreno, A., Barrera, F., Simarro, F., Jiménez, S., … Faizi, M. F. (2016). LEY ORGÁNICA DE DISCAPACIDADES. Revista CENIC. Ciencias Biológicas, 152(3), 28. www.registroficial.gob.ec

Corte Nacional de Justicia. (2017). PRESIDENCIA DE LA CORTE NACIONAL DE JUSTICIA ABSOLUCIÓN DE CONSULTAS CRITERIO NO VINCULANTE REMITENTE: PRESIDENTE DE LA CORTE PROVINCIAL DE JUSTICIA PICHINCHA MATERIA: FAMILIA, NIÑEZ Y ADOLESCENCIA. https://www.cortenacional.gob.ec/cnj/images/pdf/consultas_absueltas/No_Penales/Familia/13.pdf

Ecuador, S., De Derecho, Á., David, V., & Zambrano, P. (2021). Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar La estabilidad laboral absoluta para personas con discapacidad Un mecanismo efectivo para el desarrollo integral de sus derechos.

Naciones Unidas de Derechos Humanos. (2008). Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad Material de promoción Serie de Capacitación Profesional No 15. Secretaría de Las Naciones Unidas, 1, 9. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Publications/AdvocacyTool_sp.pdf

Organización Internacional del Trabajo. (2014). Lograr la igualdad de oportunidades en el empleo para las personas con discapacidad a través de la legislación.

Sandra, D., Argueta, E., Wacher, N. H., Silva, M., Valdez, L., Cruz, M., Gómez-Díaz, R. A., Casas-saavedra, L. P., De Orientación, R., Salud México, S. de, Virtual, D., Social, I. M. del S., Mediavilla, J., Fernández, M., Nocito, A., Moreno, A., Barrera, F., Simarro, F., Jiménez, S., … Faizi, M. F. (2016). LEY ORGÁNICA DE DISCAPACIDADES. Revista CENIC. Ciencias Biológicas, 152(3), 28. www.registroficial.gob.ec