Effective Cooperation and Its Regulation in the Ecuadorian Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code

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Janneth Elizabeth Munala-Llanez
Marco Xavier Rodriguez-Ruiz

Abstract

Effective cooperation (EC) is a tool that was incorporated into Ecuador's Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) in 2019 as a special investigative technique that helps clarify crimes linked to corruption, drug trafficking, and organized crime. While the legal concept incentivizes defendants to provide truthful and verifiable information, its verification will result in the procedural benefit agreed upon with the prosecutor, which is a reduced sentence depending on the type of case. The overall objective is "to analyze, from a documentary perspective, the relationship between the Metástasis case and the provisions of the COIP, in order to identify gaps in regulatory application and propose reflections on the need to strengthen institutional oversight and transparency mechanisms." The methodology is based on a qualitative approach, utilizing inductive, analytical, and systemic methods, based on a documentary and legal review of the Metástasis case. What I conclude is that the EC is a useful tool in the country because it reveals criminal networks within state institutions. However, I also note a series of regulatory weaknesses, due to potential risks of application leading to impunity, as many officials use this benefit for their own convenience, generating ethical and legal debates about its efficiency and effectiveness. In conclusion, the EC is an ambivalent resource because it offers judicial benefits that help combat organized crime, but it also presents legal violations that could foster legal impunity.

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How to Cite
Munala-Llanez, J., & Rodriguez-Ruiz, M. (2025). Effective Cooperation and Its Regulation in the Ecuadorian Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code. 593 Digital Publisher CEIT, 10(5), 215-226. https://doi.org/10.33386/593dp.2025.5.3370
Section
Investigaciones /estudios empíricos
Author Biographies

Janneth Elizabeth Munala-Llanez, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica - Ecuador

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Janneth is a lawyer in the courts of the Republic of Ecuador, with a solid legal background and a strong focus on academic research. She is currently pursuing a Master's degree in Procedural Law at the Universidad Indoamérica, where she is delving into the study of procedural guarantees and due process. She also works as a teaching assistant at the Universidad Central del Ecuador. Her experience combines legal practice with teaching and applied legal research.

Marco Xavier Rodriguez-Ruiz, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica - Ecuador

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Doctor of Law, Ph.D., graduated from the Simón Bolívar Andean University. He holds a doctorate in jurisprudence and a degree in public and social sciences from the Central University of Ecuador. He also holds a diploma in economic law from the Simón Bolívar Andean University. He also holds a master's degree in civil law and civil procedure from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja. He also holds a master's degree in criminal law and criminal procedure from the Central University of Ecuador.

References

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