Epidemiología de Parásitos Gastrointestinales en Caninos del Centro de Rescate Integral Animal Riobamba
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Los perros son las mascotas más cosmopolitas de los humanos y, como tales, un medio de transmisión zoonótica de parásitos a sus cuidadores o dueños. Por ello el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la epistemología de parásitos gastrointestinales en caninos del Centro de Rescate Integral Animal Riobamba (CRIAR. Fueron muestreados 40 perros de ambos sexos y clínicamente sanos. Las muestras fecales se sometieron a dos técnicas de análisis, la flotación salina en solución salina saturada para la identificación de especímenes mediante y la técnica de McMaster modificada para la cuantificación de los ooquistes/óvulos por gramo de heces (HPG-OPG). Se detectaron ocho especies diferentes de parásitos gastrointestinales, siendo tanto Uncinaria stenocephala como Ancylostoma sp. las más abundantes, con una prevalencia del 30% y 22.5%, respectivamente, estando presentes también las especies Cystoisospora canis (17.5%) y Toxocara canis (12.5%). Para el caso de Capillaria aerophila la prevalencia fue del 7.5% y en Cryptosporidium parvum (5%). Con menor frecuencias se identificaron casos infectados con Giardia lamblia y Echinococcus granulosus con una prevalencia del 2.5% en ambos casos. La infección concurrente con más de una especie de parásitos gastrointestinales fue un hallazgo común en perros. Se evidencia la necesidad de mejorar la atención veterinaria del CRIAR. Además, de definir los factores de riesgo de transmisión de helmintos zoonóticos a humanos, y plantear programas de educación pública sobre el cuidado adecuado de los perros, la higiene personal por parte de los adiestradores y propietarios de caninos.
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