Physical and mental health in teaching activities. Case study Unidad Educativa Huambaló
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Abstract
In the workplace, all workers are exposed to developing physical and mental health problems; in the case of the teaching profession, this is mainly due to a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and stress management; therefore, the objective of the study was to develop a physical and mental health promotion program for teachers at the Unidad Educativa Huambaló.
A descriptive research methodology with a quantitative approach was used, based on the regulation of health promotion at work of the ministerial agreement 00049 of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador; the 4 stages of the promotion plan were used: 1) Evaluation, this stage was carried out by means of the questionnaire Conditions of Safety and Health at Work developed by the Universidad Internacional SEK of Ecuador; while the healthy physical and mental life practices were used the surveys of healthy lifestyles and psychosocial risk. 2) Identification, a stage that was carried out using the Hazard Identification and Risk Estimation Matrix (IPER). 3) Selection, this stage was carried out through the elaboration of 8 manuals of activities for the promotion of physical and mental health. 4) Implementation, this phase was carried out with the design of processes and procedures to be included in the planning of the institution's teaching period.
The results show that workers are exposed to mechanical, ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors. In addition, the work environment is not the most adequate in relation to the pace and workload, so that the recovery time and the social relationship of the personnel is deficient, a situation that affects their mental health. Teachers find it difficult to maintain an adequate diet and sporting activity, which makes them prone to overweight and obesity, exposing them to cardiovascular diseases. Finally, to address this problem, 8 physical and mental health promotion activities were designed and implemented.
It is concluded that the key factor in maintaining the physical and mental health program at the Unidad Educativa Huambaló is the commitment of all members of the institution.
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Luis Alberto Morales-Perrazo , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0921-262X
Mechanical Engineer specialized in Industrial Safety, Occupational Hygiene, Environmental Management and Quality Control; professor of Industrial Engineering at the Technical University of Ambato, with 15 years of experience and also performing research and community involvement functions.
Doménica Anais Sánchez-Rojas , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3272
Final semester student of Industrial Engineering at the Technical University of Ambato, with experience in process management and standardization in the plastic painting process at the vehicle assembly plant CIAUTO, courses in Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma and participation in community involment projects.
Karla Monserrath Benalcázar-Ponce , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
Industrial Engineering student at the Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Participated in the project 'Promotion of Safety and Health at Work in the Huambaló Educational Unit,' contributing in the first phase by gathering information on working conditions and health, helping to identify urgent needs and guide future improvements.
Anahí Elizabeth Vargas-Brito , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
Ninth semester student of Industrial Engineering at the Faculty of Electronics and Industrial Systems at the Technical University of Ambato; Publication of my biography “La juventud es tiempo de sembrar” in the magazine Ambato No 117 July August 2020, article “Lo que aprendí en los scouts” in the magazine El Explorador No 08 November 2020; with experience of 7 years in the direction of the Carlos Quinde Mancero Academy.
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