Viral and immunological response after initiation of antiretroviral treatment in patients with HIV
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Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retroviral infection that weakens the immune system and subsequently evolves into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV remains a major public health problem worldwide. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an effective method to reduce HIV viral load and achieve immune recovery (optimal CD4+ T cell count). Suppression of the viral load and immune recovery are the first objectives when starting treatment. The objective of the present study was to describe the determinants of the immunological and virological response to ART among HIV-infected people under a literature review. This study was carried out under the study design of a bibliographic-documentary review, where it was recorded whether the participants received ART. We considered studies with stricter selection criteria based on the frequency of CD4+ and viral load monitoring with routine clinical care monitoring. These findings demonstrate that viral suppression leads to immune recovery. General adherence to ART among the study population was good, thus inferring an association between adherence to treatment and the effect of ART six months after starting treatment.
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Caroll Alexandra Bombon-Pozo , Hospital General Latacunga / Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6470-405X
Specialist in Internal Medicine at the Espíritu Santo University of Specialties.
Master in Health Management and Clinical Management at the University of Valencia.
Master in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection at the Rey Juan Carlos University.
Specialist in Internal Medicine at the Latacunga General Hospital.
Professor at the Technical University of Ambato.
Specialist in Internal Medicine at the Duran Private Basic Hospital.
Lissette Estefania Montalvo-Bombon , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
Medical graduate from the Technical University of Ambato in 2020, with a project for engagement with society from March 27, 2018 to July 12, 2019
Jenniffer Alexdra Morales-Alomaliza , Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Ecuador
Medical graduate from the Technical University of Ambato in 2020, with a project for engagement with society from March 21, 2018 to July 12, 2019.
Master in Occupational Safety and Health graduated from the University of the Americas UDLA in 2023, with research on Burnout Syndrome in oil personnel.
Medical graduate from the Technical University of Ambato in 2020, with a project for engagement with society from March 21, 2018 to July 12, 2019.
Master in Occupational Safety and Health graduated from the University of the Americas UDLA in 2023, with research on Burnout Syndrome in oil personnel.
Diana Vanessa Torres-Constante , Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Medicina Familiar - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3687-7907
Medical Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Master in Quality Management and Health Audit, Diploma in University Teaching. Specialist Physician at the Loma Grande Type A Health Center
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