Intervención de Enfermería en pacientes con Trastornos Bipolar
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El establecimiento de un cuerpo de conocimientos para la enfermería sobre los pacientes con trastorno bipolar es vital para el desarrollo de un tratamiento integrado basado en la evidencia. La investigación tiene como objetivo explorar las intervenciones de enfermería en el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar I y II, abarcando todas las fases del trastorno. Se identificaron las barreras y facilitadores para el cumplimiento del tratamiento. El estudio se realizó siguiendo las directrices PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas. Se ejecutó la búsqueda en bases de datos como Google Scholar, Scopus y PubMed, de artículos en inglés y español publicados en los últimos diez años. La extracción de datos se guió por la Plantilla Cochrane, para asegurar la confiabilidad. Se aplicó un enfoque mixto, cuantificando inicialmente las publicaciones por año, país y tipo, y posteriormente realizando una extracción cualitativa para responder preguntas específicas de investigación. Los hallazgos indican que las intervenciones de enfermería deben adaptarse a cada fase del trastorno. En la fase maníaca, la prioridad es la estabilización del estado de ánimo y la seguridad del paciente, en la fase depresiva, el objetivo se centra en mejorar el estado de ánimo y prevenir el aislamiento social. Durante la fase eutímica, se enfatiza la educación y las estrategias de estabilidad a largo plazo, fomentando la adherencia al tratamiento y la prevención de recaídas. Asimismo, se subraya la relevancia de una relación terapéutica sólida entre las enfermeras y los pacientes, que influye de manera significativa en los resultados del tratamiento y en la recuperación.
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Karen Alejandra Sanchez-Gomez , Instituto Tecnológico Euroamericano - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/009-00080552-6737
Licenciada en Enfermería en la Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil
Guayaquil-Ecuador
Diplomado en la Cultura de Investigación
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja
Docente del Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Euroamericano
Coordinador primer congreso de Enfermería del Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Euroamericano
Cecilia Raquel Ferrer-Sorroza , Instituto Tecnológico Euroamericano - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7703-945X
Licenciada de Enfermería por la Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil.
Magister en Gerencia en Servicios de la Salud por la Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil.
Enfermera Penitenciaria en el Centro de privación de libertad La Roca
Enfermera Materno infantil en el Centro Francisco Jácome.
Enfermera en hospital IESS Ceibos área Medicina Interna.
Colíder del Área de Diálisis
Cuidado directo del Área de emergencia, Área de UCI, Área de Hemodinamia.
Líder de central de esterilización hasta la actualidad Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo
Antonio Marques-Firmino , Instituto Superior Tecnológico EuroAmericano - Ecuador
Rector del Instituto Superior Tecnológico EuroAmericano. Master en Gerencia Educativa. Con los años de experiencia el autor desde sus inicios en 1980 ha dirigido diferentes centros educativos comenzando por el Instituto de Programación National Cash Register (NCR) luego el centro Educativo Micro EDC, el Centro EuroAmericano de Estudios y Cultura y el Instituto Tecnológico EuroAmericano con 38 años de experiencia.
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