Uso de terapias complementarias y alternativas en el manejo del dolor crónico
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El manejo del dolor crónico representa un desafío significativo en la práctica clínica, dado que los tratamientos convencionales no siempre resultan efectivos y pueden generar efectos secundarios adversos. En este contexto, las terapias complementarias y alternativas han ganado relevancia como opciones no farmacológicas para el tratamiento del dolor. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las evidencias sobre la efectividad de estas terapias en el manejo del dolor crónico. Se empleó una metodología cualitativa basada en la revisión documental de literatura científica, utilizando criterios específicos de inclusión y exclusión. La búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos académicas reconocidas, con el fin de recopilar información sobre terapias como la acupuntura, el yoga y la meditación. Los resultados revelaron reducciones significativas del dolor, especialmente en casos de dolor musculoesquelético y neuropático. Se observó que las intervenciones combinadas, como acupuntura y meditación, ofrecieron mayor efectividad en comparación con las terapias individuales. Se concluye que las terapias complementarias y alternativas son efectivas en el manejo del dolor crónico, mejorando tanto la funcionalidad física como el bienestar emocional de los pacientes. Sin embargo, se identificaron limitaciones metodológicas, como la heterogeneidad de los estudios y la falta de datos sobre efectos adversos. Se recomienda profundizar en estudios controlados y longitudinales que evalúen su eficacia en diversas poblaciones y contextos clínicos.
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Cristina Elizabeth Novillo-Montoya , Universidad Estatal de Milagro - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1397-3331
Soy Médico General graduada en la Universidad de Guayaquil, trabajo actualmente como Técnica Docente en la Universidad Estatal de Milagro (UNEMI), donde participó activamente en la formación de futuros profesionales de la salud. Cuento con una Maestría en Salud Pública con mención en Atención Primaria en Salud, lo que reafirma mi compromiso con la promoción del bienestar comunitario y la mejora de la atención sanitaria desde una perspectiva integral.
Andrés Eduardo Palacios-Guillen , Universidad Estatal de Milagro - Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7682-5828
Soy médico general graduado de la Universidad de Guayaquil con una maestría en Salud Pública en Atención Primaria de Salud, con una sólida formación en la atención integral de pacientes, su trayectoria se ha centrado en mejorar la calidad de los servicios de salud, especialmente en el ámbito público. A lo largo de mi carrera, ha desarrollado investigaciones y proyectos relacionados con la seguridad ocupacional, la prevención de riesgos psicosociales y el fortalecimiento de la salud mental en entornos laborales.
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